Kiyomi Nishimaki, Takashi Asada*, Ikuroh Ohsawa, Etsuko Nakajima, Chiaki Ikejima, Takashi Yokota, Naomi Kamimura and Shigeo Ohta* Pages 482 - 492 ( 11 )
Background: Oxidative stress is one of the causative factors in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. We previously reported that molecular hydrogen (H2) acts as a therapeutic and preventive antioxidant. </P><P> Objective: We assess the effects of drinking H2-water (water infused with H2) on oxidative stress model mice and subjects with MCI. </P><P> Methods: Transgenic mice expressing a dominant-negative form of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 were used as a dementia model. The mice with enhanced oxidative stress were allowed to drink H2-water. For a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical study, 73 subjects with MCI drank ~300 mL of H2-water (H2-group) or placebo water (control group) per day, and the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) scores were determined after 1 year. </P><P> Results: In mice, drinking H2-water decreased oxidative stress markers and suppressed the decline of memory impairment and neurodegeneration. Moreover, the mean lifespan in the H2-water group was longer than that of the control group. In MCI subjects, although there was no significant difference between the H2- and control groups in ADAS-cog score after 1 year, carriers of the apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) genotype in the H2-group were improved significantly on total ADAS-cog score and word recall task score (one of the sub-scores in the ADAS-cog score). </P><P> Conclusion: H2-water may have a potential for suppressing dementia in an oxidative stress model and in the APOE4 carriers with MCI.
ADAS-cog score, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2, ApoE4, hydrogen, hydrogen water, mild cognitive impairment, oxidative stress, randomized clinical study.
Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-396, Kosugimachi, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 211-8533, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Ten-noudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-396, Kosugimachi, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 211-8533, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Ten-noudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Ten-noudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-396, Kosugimachi, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 211-8533, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-396, Kosugimachi, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 211-8533, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-396, Kosugimachi, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 211-8533